Mouth dissolving films (MDFs) have gained significant focus in the pharmaceutical field due to their potential as patient-friendly dosage forms for delivering medications via the buccal or sublingual routes. This research systematically investigates the diverse range of polymers utilized in the formulation of MDFs, aiming to provide insights into their selection, formulation, and performance characteristics. Key aspects encompassing polymer selection criteria, film formation properties, disintegration kinetics, compatibility with active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), moisture sensitivity, taste-masking strategies, manufacturing processes, biocompatibility, safety considerations, and market viability are critically examined. The review highlights the significance of polymer characteristics in influencing the disintegration time, dissolution rate, stability, and overall performance of MDFs. Furthermore, emerging trends such as the integration of nanotechnology and the development of multi-layered films are discussed, offering potential avenues for future research and innovation in the field. This comprehensive review provides a useful resource for scholars and pharmaceutical scientists engaged within the layout and optimization MDF formulations, facilitating the development of efficient and patient-centric oral drug delivery systems.