Many organizations are advocating the introduction of wild species into agricultural systems as the overexploitation of many wild medicinal and aromatic plant (MAP) species becomes more apparent. Others argue that since most wild species are valuable to local economies and have a higher long-term value to harvesters, sustainable harvesting is the most essential conservation technique. The primary obstacles to sustainable wild-collection, in addition to poverty and the collapse of traditional restrictions, are a lack of information regarding sustainable harvest rates and practices, ambiguous land-use rights, and a lack of political and legal direction. Determining whether or not species conservation should occur in the wild should be based on an understanding of the costs and conservation benefits of the different MAP production options.