Aromatherapy is one of the most effective alternative medicine practices, combining massage, counseling, and pleasant smell. Using essential oils in aromatherapy can reduce anxiety and stress, which may lead to better sleep quality. Traditional herbal remedies have played a key role in health systems, and they are utilized to treat many acute and chronic illnesses with no or low harmful efficacy. A study demonstrated that aromatherapy reduced both anxiety and depression in a group of postpartum women. Beyond just calming the mind, scientific research suggests that aromatherapy—whether through, breathing in or absorbing extracts from aromatic plants can help soothe physical discomfort and ease pain. Research suggests that essential oils can influence brain waves and behavior, likely transmitting their effects to the brain through the olfactory system. This approach utilizes different techniques and combinations to manage a broad spectrum of conditions, such as depression, digestive disorders, headaches, sleep problems, muscle pain, respiratory issues, skin ailments, joint inflammation, and urinary problems. Essential oils have proven to be more effective when lifestyle and dietary factors are considered. This review explores the literature on the therapeutic, medicinal, cosmetic, psychological, and olfactory benefits of aromatherapy, as well as its use in massage, safety concerns, and the different plants involved in its practice. The aim of this review is to offer a comprehensive scientific assessment of key phytocompounds and their pharmacological effects, with the goal of supporting the future development of new ethno medicines.